In the first-ever nail polish test conducted by the Consumer Council, toxic chemicals and cancer-causing substances such as methanol and benzene were found in some of the models, with methanol detected at nearly 20 times higher than the specified limit in one of the models.
The test covered 42 models of nail polishes and base coats which prices ranged from HK$5 to HK$180. Tested substances included heavy metals (lead, mercury and arsenic), phthalates and organic compounds.
All the models had heavy metal content which was in compliance with the limits specified in the Mainland's Hygienic Standard for Cosmetics. Benzene, a cancer-causing substance, which must not form part of the composition of cosmetic products, was detected in 4 models with concentration ranging from 9.7ppm to 260ppm. More alarming was the finding that one of the 4 models also contained 41,000 ppm of methanol, nearly 20 times higher than the limit (2,000ppm) specified in the Mainland standard.
DEHP, one of the phthalates which is prohibited for use as ingredient in the production of cosmetics in the Mainland and EU, was detected in one model with concentration level of 10 ppm. Some animal studies showed that certain phthalates at high levels might produce endocrine-disrupting effects and cause birth defects.
Toluene, which may be used as solvent in nail products, affects the central nervous system and cause irritations of the respiratory tract. A tested model was found with toluene concentration of 27% which exceeded the 25% limit set in the Cosmetic Directive in the European Union. Moreover, 0.03% of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was detected in one tested model. Due to concern over allergic effects, MMA is an organic compound which Health Canada advises not to use in nail cosmetics.
Nail polishes may contain potentially harmful ingredients, and the potential adverse health effects mainly depend on the corresponding concentrations, route of exposure and exposure duration. To minimize the health risk, nail polishes should be used properly.
The August issue of CHOICE magazine advises consumers to take heed of the followings when using nail polishes:
- Use in well-ventilated areas;
- Keep away from open flame and do not smoke;
- Keep out of reach of children.
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