TVs are an essential home appliance for nearly every family. In addition to providing family-friendly entertainment through traditional broadcasting, modern TV sets have evolved into smart systems that combine various functions such as Internet access and video streaming. As such, not only would consumers care about the sound and picture quality, as well as the maintenance and repair services, but they would also pay heed to the smart system’s interface design and ease of use. The Consumer Council conducted its first test on 9 models of 55-inch Ultra HD (4K) smart TVs, covering the technical performance and an expert panel review. The results revealed that models in the higher-priced OLED category had higher overall rating for picture quality, with 2 models receiving 4.5 points. However, the expert panel found that the 3 types of screens among the tested models did not vary greatly in picture quality for digital TV broadcast viewing, suggesting that the lower-priced LED or mid-priced QD/Mini LED categories would be sufficient to satisfy the needs of general users, whereas OLED TV sets would be more suitable for those pursuing better picture quality. In terms of the smart TV functions, the performance of the models varied drastically, ranging from 3.5 to 5 points in rating. 1 model had outstanding performance across various aspects including the system interface, user registration and login, and app store, yet had poor performance for elderly-friendly accessibility features, needing improvement for the contrast of the interface. Consumers should try out the relevant functions in person before making a purchase. Regarding cyber security, only 1 model performed satisfactorily and was rated 4 points. Smart TVs should be treated like other smart devices such as smart phones or computers, with due consideration given to their cybersecurity performance before purchase, so as to mitigate risks of personal data leaks. The Council also reminds consumers that some more expensive 8K TV models are available, yet most of the common streaming platforms and online videos have yet to reach 8K resolution, meaning that the 8K display is not fully utilised. Therefore, consumers should not pursue models with higher specifications than needed.
The Council tested 9 models of 55-inch 4K smart TVs, covering 3 types of display technologies, including 3 OLED, 4 QD/Mini LED and 2 LED models, ranging from $3,890 to $21,980 in price. The performance and panel viewing tests were coordinated by International Consumer Research & Testing (ICRT) and conducted by a European testing centre. Test items included picture and sound quality, ease of operation and various aspects, in addition to review and analysis of the cyber security and accessibility features. The Hong Kong Electrical and Mechanical Services Department (EMSD) also appointed an independent laboratory to conduct energy efficiency and product safety tests, and all models passed the relevant safety tests.
Conditional Advantage for OLED More Suitable for Pursuers of Quality
When it comes to TVs, many consumers prioritise high picture quality, which is dependent on factors including the “viewing angle”, “anti-glare performance”, “brightness uniformity” and “contrast ratio and light output’. The current test assessed the overall picture quality performance of the models by consolidating lab measurements of the 4 areas above and results from an expert panel review. As each pixel on OLED screens can luminate individually, it could achieve more intricate contrast against a bright image, offering better conditional advantage in terms of the overall picture quality. The 3 OLED models all received 4 to 5 points for the 4 areas, while 2 models were even rated an outstanding 4.5 points in the overall picture quality, making them more suitable for consumers pursuing high picture quality. According to the grading by the review panel, the 3 screen types did not show great variance in picture quality during digital TV broadcast viewing, suggesting that the lower-priced LED category or the mid-priced QD/ Mini LED category would be sufficient to meet the needs of general users. To further differentiate the picture quality, consumers can refer to the test results of the 4 mentioned aspects.
The visual effect could vary when viewing a liquid crystal display screen from different positions. Generally speaking, when the viewing angle is slanted to a certain degree, the brightness of the picture would drop drastically or the colour would become noticeably distorted. One of the technical test items measured the brightness and colour performance of the picture from different angles. 1 OLED model received the highest of 5 points, while 2 QD/Mini LED models had a more significant drop in brightness at a slanted angle and were only rated 2.5 points. Some TV screens have anti-glare treatment on their surfaces, but the performance varied considerably among the models, with 3 OLED models rated 4.5 points or higher, while 1 QD/Mini LED model received only 2.5 points. The test also measured the brightness uniformity when displaying nearly completely black and nearly pure white images across the entire screen. The models received scores ranging from 3 to 5 points, of which 2 OLED models had the best performance. As for the contrast ratio test, which measures the difference in brightness between the brightest and darkest parts of the screen, and the light output test, all models received overall scores of 4 points or higher. Among them, 3 OLED models had the highest contrast ratios, effectively displaying the depth of darker pictures. However, not all TV models were labelled with the contrast ratio, nor did they provide testing methods, making it difficult for consumers to compare and make informed choices. Thus, consumers should not overly rely on manufacturers' claims.
4 Models Had Clear Sound Definition with 4.5 High Rating in Sound Quality
Apart from the picture quality, the sound quality is another important aspect of the overall TV-viewing experience. 4 models had clear sound definition and powerful bass notes, with satisfactory performance when playing classical music, pop music and drama, thus received high scores of 4.5 points, including 2 models each from the OLED and QD/Mini LED categories. The sound quality of 1 LED model was judged to be thin and flat while lacking bass notes, and only received 2.5 points. This model might be unable to satisfy consumers seeking a high-quality audio experience.
Improve Smart Operation and Accessibility Features to Benefit More Consumers
Smart TVs produced by different manufacturers vary in interface design, operation methods, and flexibility. Consumers should try to operate the smart system in person before purchasing to ensure it suits their needs. 1 QD/Mini LED model received outstanding scores of 4.5 points or higher in all aspects, including the system interface, user registration and login, app store, and voice control, showing the best performance among all models. In contrast, 3 OLED samples with superior picture quality had mediocre smart TV functions. 1 model required user registration to continue using, which was rather inconvenient, while another had a slow response for its app store which affected the overall user experience.
As for the accessibility features designed for the elderly or those in need, such as screen and font magnification, menu colour contrast settings, and remote control design, 2 models from the same brand performed better, especially in screen and font magnification and contrast settings.
2 models only received 2.5 points, with much room for improvement in terms of enhancing their screen contrast and providing subtitle setting options, etc.
Only 1 Model Excelled in Cyber Security Performance
Although consumers’ cyber security awareness has significantly increased, they may sometimes forget that their smart TV is connected to the Internet. If unencrypted data and information are transmitted, there is a risk of data leakage. The current test also reviewed the data collection and confidentiality performance of the TV models. Although all models encrypted their data transmission, some lacked clear opt-out options, had terms that were difficult to understand, failed to show the options’ impact on users, and did not provide privacy settings options on the first use. As such, the scores ranged from relatively low 2.5 to 3 points, with only 1 model scoring 4 points. The Council reminds consumers to treat smart TVs as smartphones or computers, and to always be mindful of cyber security when using them.
All Models Passed Product Safety Tests OLED TVs Consumed More Power
The EMSD commissioned a laboratory to test the energy efficiency and product safety of the models. The models were rated between Grade 2 and Grade 3 under the Mandatory Energy Efficiency Labelling Scheme (MEELS), the test results of all models were found to comply with the relevant requirements. In terms of power consumption during standby and use, the test results showed that the power consumption of the models when activated ranged from 52W to 79.7W, of which OLED models generally had higher power consumption during use, with that of all 3 OLED models exceeding 73W. Assuming the TV is on standby for 20 hours and turned on for 4 hours each day, with an electricity cost of $1.7 per kWh, the estimated annual electricity cost for each model ranged from $134 to $201. Consumers should note that after turning off the TV with the remote control, smart TVs remain on standby mode. To save standby power consumption, the power socket should be turned off when the TV is not in use for extended periods.
Urged to Guarantee at Least a 5-year Provision of Spare Parts for Environmental Protection
Comprehensive warranty and repair services can extend the lifespan of TVs. The warranty periods of the tested models were either 3 or 5 years, including free on-site inspections and repairs for damage not caused by human factors. After the warranty period, on-site inspection fees ranged from $200 to $800. If repairs were needed, the cost of labour and parts would be charged depending on the extent of the damage. For instance, replacing an OLED screen for 1 sample could cost up to $8,350, equivalent to 44% of the original price. Some agents would supply parts for 2 to 7 years after the product is discontinued or out of production. The Council recommends manufacturers to follow the practices of the Mainland and the European Union by providing at least 5 years of parts supply for discontinued and out-of-production televisions to support sustainable consumption.
Tips for consumers when purchasing and using TVs:
- Most OLED models had better overall picture quality, and could display deeper blacks and higher brightness, making them suitable for users seeking high picture quality. In terms of the sound quality and smart features, there are strong-performing models in each category. OLED screen models were relatively more expensive, followed by QD/Mini LED models. Consumers can choose according to their needs and budget;
- Consumers may choose models that support the output of audio signals to easily connect to compatible audio equipment for enhancement of the viewing experience.
- Remember not to purchase TVs from online stores that do not meet local specifications;
- Pay attention to whether the manufacturer or agent can provide quality after-sales service to avoid situations where the TV cannot be repaired or parts are not available for repair in case of malfunction;
- Ensure the TV is placed securely and prevent children from climbing on it. If wall mounting is required, hire an experienced technician to ensure secure installation;
- Do not place the TV in overly humid, dusty, high-temperature environments or in direct sunlight, and never block the ventilation holes at the back of the TV to avoid hindering heat dissipation;
- If there are abnormal sounds, smells, or images, stop using the TV immediately and hire an experienced technician for repairs;
- Clean the TV regularly following the instructions in the user manual. Before cleaning the screen, disconnect the power source, use a soft cloth, and ensure the cloth is clean and free of fine dust to avoid scratching the screen. Refrain from applying excessive force when wiping, and do not use chemical cleaners.
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